1 4 butanediol

butanediol industrial uses

Industrial applications for butane-1,4-diol include use as a solvent for the

production of certain polymers, elastic fibers, and polyurethanes.

The synthesis of -butyrolactone (GBL) in organic chemistry uses 1,4-butanediol.

Tetrahydrofuran, an essential solvent, is produced when it dehydrates in

the presence of phosphoric acid at high temperatures.

The diol undergoes dehydrogenation to produce butyrolactone at a

temperature of around 200 °C in the presence of soluble ruthenium catalysts.

In order to make 1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether, which is then employed

as a reactive diluent for epoxy resins, it is necessary to synthesize it.

According to estimates from 2005, butane-1,4-diol is produced on a global

scale in quantities of one million metric tons annually at a cost of roughly US$ 2,000 (€ 1,600) per ton.

According to reports, global production reached billions of lbs in 2013 (corresponding to about one billion metrics)

Synthesis

Acetylene interacts with two equivalents of formaldehyde in industrial chemical synthesis to produce butyne-1,4-diol.

Butane-1,4-diol is produced by hydrogenating butyne-1,4-diol.

In the Davy process, it is also produced on an industrial scale from maleic anhydride,

which is first transformed into methyl maleate ester and then hydrogenated.

Other pathways come from succinic acid, butadiene, and allyl acetate.

A commercialized biological approach to BD makes use of a genetically altered organism.

4-hydroxybutyrate is the intermediary in the biosynthesis.